World Health Organization. World malaria report 2023. Geneva: World Health Organization; 2023. p. 108–15.
Adugna T, Getu E, Yewhalaw D. Species diversity and distribution of Anopheles mosquitoes in Bure district Northwestern Ethiopia. Heliyon. 2020;6:e05063.
Ogola EO, Fillinger U, Ondiba IM, Villinger J, Masiga DK, Torto B, et al. Insights into malaria transmission among Anopheles funestus mosquitoes Kenya. Parasit Vectors. 2018;11:577.
Tchouassi DP, Agha SB, Villinger J, Sang R, Torto B. The distinctive bionomics of Aedes aegypti populations in Africa. Curr Opin Insect Sci. 2022;54:100986.
Tchouassi DP, Midega JT, Torto B. Editorial: 2022 in review: vector biology. Front Trop Dis. 2024;5:1387092.
Chaves LF, Harrington LC, Keogh CL, Nguyen AM, Kitron UD. Blood feeding patterns of mosquitoes: random or structured? Front Zool. 2010;7:3.
Mitchell SN, Catteruccia F. Anopheline reproductive biology: Impacts on vectorial capacity and potential avenues for malaria control. Cold Spring Harb Perspect Med. 2017;7:a025593.
Adugna T, Yewhelew D, Getu E. Bloodmeal sources and feeding behavior of anopheline mosquitoes in Bure district, northwestern Ethiopia. Parasit Vectors. 2021;14:166.
Burkett-Cadena ND, McClure CJW, Estep LK, Eubanks MD. What drives the spatial distribution of mosquitoes? Ecosphere. 2013;4:30.
Assa A, Eligo N, Massebo F. Anopheles mosquito diversity, entomological indicators of malaria transmission and challenges of morphological identification in southwestern Ethiopia. Trop Med Health. 2023;51:38.
Ogola EO, Chepkorir E, Sang R, Tchouassi DP. A previously unreported potential malaria vector in a dry ecology of Kenya. Parasit Vectors. 2019;12:80.
Abraham M, Massebo F, Lindtjørn B. High entomological inoculation rate of malaria vectors in area of high coverage of interventions in southwest Ethiopia: implication for residual malaria transmission. Parasite Epidemiol Control. 2017;2:61–9.
Massebo F, Balkew M, Gebre-Michael T, Lindtjørn B. Zoophagic behaviour of anopheline mosquitoes in southwest Ethiopia: opportunity for malaria vector control. Parasit Vectors. 2015;8:645.
Degefa T, Yewhalaw D, Zhou G, Lee MC, Atieli H, Githeko AK, et al. Indoor and outdoor malaria vector surveillance in western Kenya: implications for better understanding of residual transmission. Malar J. 2017;16:443.
Orsborne J, Mohammed AR, Jeffries CL, Kristan M, Afrane YA, Walker T, et al. Evidence of extrinsic factors dominating intrinsic blood host preferences of major African malaria vectors. Sci Rep. 2020;10:741.
Mayagaya VS, Nkwengulila G, Lyimo IN, Kihonda J, Mtambala H, Ngonyani H, et al. The impact of livestock on the abundance, resting behavior and sporozoite rate of malaria vectors in southern Tanzania. Malar J. 2015;14:17.
Ashine T, Eyasu A, Asmamaw Y, Simma E, Zemene E, Epstein A, et al. Spatiotemporal distribution and bionomics of Anopheles stephensi in different eco-epidemiological settings in Ethiopia. Parasit Vectors. 2024;17:166.
Kamau WW, Sang R, Ogola EO, Rotich G, Getugi C, Agha SB, et al. Survival rate, blood feeding habits and sibling species composition of Aedes simpsoni complex: implications for arbovirus transmission risk in East Africa. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2022;16:e0010171.
Ogola E, Villinger J, Mabuka D, Omondi D, Orindi B, Mutunga J, et al. Composition of Anopheles mosquitoes, their blood-meal hosts, and Plasmodium falciparum infection rates in three islands with disparate bed net coverage in Lake Victoria Kenya. Malar J. 2017;16:360.
Getawen SK, Ashine T, Massebo F, Woldeyes D, Lindtjørn B. Exploring the impact of house screening intervention on entomological indices and incidence of malaria in Arba Minch town, southwest Ethiopia: a randomized control trial. Acta Trop. 2018;181:84–94.
Kang SY, Battle KE, Gibson HS, Cooper LV, Maxwell K, Kamya M, et al. Heterogeneous exposure and hotspots for malaria vectors at three study sites in Uganda. Gates Open Res. 2018;2:232.
Nkumama IN, O’Meara WP, Osier FHA. Changes in malaria epidemiology in Africa and new challenges for elimination. Trends Parasitol. 2017;33:128–40.
Moshi IR, Manderson L, Ngowo HS, Mlacha YP, Okumu FO, Mnyone LL. Outdoor malaria transmission risks and social life: a qualitative study in South-Eastern Tanzania. Malar J. 2018;17:397.
Machani MG, Ochomo E, Amimo F, Kosgei J, Munga S, Zhou G, et al. Resting behavior of malaria vectors in highland and lowland sites of western Kenya: implication on malaria vector control measures. PLoS ONE. 2020;15:e0224718.
Ngowo HS, Kaindoa EW, Matthiopoulos J, Ferguson HM, Okumu FO. Variations in household microclimate affect outdoor-biting behaviour of malaria vectors. Wellcome Open Res. 2017;2:102.
Belay AK, Asale A, Sole CL, Kinya F, Yusuf AA, Torto B, et al. Vectorial drivers of malaria transmission in Jabi Tehnan district, Amhara Regional State. Ethiopia Sci Rep. 2024;14:13669.
Asale A, Kassie M, Abro Z, Enchalew B, Belay A, Sangoro PO, et al. The combined impact of LLINs, house screening, and pull-push technology for improved malaria control and livelihoods in rural Ethiopia: study protocol for household randomized controlled trial. BMC Public Health. 2022;22:930.
Central Statistics Agency. Population projection of Ethiopia for all regions at wereda level from 2014–2017, vol. 3. Addis Ababa: Central Statistics Agency; 2013. p. 28.
Tafere M, Hassen A, Kassa B, Berihun B, Tolla M, Denekew Y, et al. Bahir Dar University-CASCAPE working paper 4 participatory rural appraisal report: Jabi Tehnan district BDU-CASCAPE working paper 4. 2017; p10–70.
Asale A, Abro Z, Enchalew B, Teshager A, Belay A, Kassie M, et al. Community knowledge, perceptions, and practices regarding malaria and its control in Jabi Tehnan district, Amhara Region Northwest Ethiopia. Malar J. 2021;20:459.
O’Connor CT. The distribution of anopheline mosquitoes in Ethiopia. Mosq News. 1967;27:42–54.
Coetzee M. Key to the females of Afrotropical Anopheles mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae). Malar J. 2020;19:70.
World Health Organization. Manual on practical entomology in malaria. Part II. Methods and techniques. Geneva: World Health Organization; 1975. p. 13.
Roca AL, Bar-Gal GK, Eizirik E, Helgen KM, Maria R, Springer MS, et al. Mesozoic origin for West Indian insectivores. Nature. 2004;429:649–51.
Kamau WW, Sang R, Rotich G, Agha SB, Menza N, Torto B, et al. Patterns of Aedes aegypti abundance, survival, human-blood feeding and relationship with dengue risk Kenya. Front Trop Dis. 2023;4:1113531.
Tamura K, Stecher G, Peterson D, Filipski A, Kumar S. MEGA6: molecular evolutionary genetics analysis version 6.0. Mol Biol Evol. 2013;30:2725–9.
Kinya F, Mutero CM, Sang R, Owino EA, Rotich G, Ogola EO, et al. Outdoor malaria vector species profile in dryland ecosystems of Kenya. Sci Rep. 2022;12:7131.
Mauri M, Elli T, Caviglia G, Uboldi G, Azzi M. RAWGraphs: A visualisation platform to create open outputs. In: ACM International Conference Proceeding Series. Association for Computing Machinery; 2017.
Swain A, MacCracken SA, Fagan WF, Labandeira CC. Understanding the ecology of host plant-insect herbivore interactions in the fossil record through bipartite networks. Paleobiology. 2022;48:239–60.
R Core Team. R: A language and environment for statistical computing. Vienna: R foundation for statistical computing; 2023.
Costanzo K, Occhino D. Effects of temperature on blood feeding and activity levels in the tiger mosquito. Aedes albopictus Insects. 2023;14:752.
Suh E, Grossman MK, Waite JL, Dennington NL, Sherrard-Smith E, Churcher TS, et al. The influence of feeding behavior and temperature on the capacity of mosquitoes to transmit malaria. Nat Ecol Evol. 2020;4:940–51.
Villena OC, Ryan SJ, Murdock CC, Johnson LR. Temperature impacts the environmental suitability for malaria transmission by Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles stephensi. Ecology. 2022;103:e3685.
Tchouassi DP, Quakyi IA, Addison EA, Bosompem KM, Wilson MD, Appawu MA, et al. Characterization of malaria transmission by vector populations for improved interventions during the dry season in the Kpone-on-Sea area of coastal Ghana. Parasit Vectors. 2012;5:212.
Eligo N, Wegayehu T, Pareyn M, Tamiru G, Lindtjørn B, Massebo F. Anopheles arabiensis continues to be the primary vector of Plasmodium falciparum after decades of malaria control in southwestern Ethiopia. Malar J. 2024;23:14.
Belay A, Petros B, Gebre-Michael T, Balkew M. Effect of LongRange™ eprinomectin on Anopheles arabiensis by feeding on calves treated with the drug. Malar J. 2019;18:332.
Aschale Y, Ayehu A, Worku L, Addisu A, Zeleke AJ, Bayih AG, et al. Anopheles gambiae s.l (Diptera: Culicidae) seasonal abundance, abdominal status and parity rates in Metema-Armachiho lowland Northwest Ethiopia. BMC Infect Dis. 2020;20:333.
Kenea O, Balkew M, Tekie H, Gebre-Michael T, Deressa W, Loha E, et al. Comparison of two adult mosquito sampling methods with human landing catches in south-central Ethiopia. Malar J. 2017;16:30.
Fonkou B, Tchoukou M, Menze BD, Mugenzi LMJ, Fofie D, Nguiffo-Nguete D, et al. Entomological longitudinal surveys in two contrasted eco-climatic settings in Cameroon reveal a high malaria transmission from Anopheles funestus associated with GSTe2 metabolic resistance. BMC Infect Dis. 2023;23:738.
Gonçalves AALM, Dias AHC, Monteiro DDS, Varela IBF, da Veiga LS. Blood meal survey reveals insights into mosquito-borne diseases on the island of Santiago. Cape Verde Front Trop Dis. 2023;4:1070172.
Kent RJ. Molecular methods for arthropod bloodmeal identification and applications to ecological and vector-borne disease studies. Mol Ecol Resour. 2009;9:4–18.
Tchouassi DP, Kisero RO, Rotich G, Dunlap C, Torto B, Muturi EJ. Next generation sequencing improves the resolution of detecting mixed host blood meal sources in field collected arboviral mosquito vectors. Med Vet Entomol. 2024. https://doi.org/10.1111/mve.12725.
Logue K, Keven JB, Cannon MV, Reimer L, Siba P, Walker ED, et al. Unbiased characterization of Anopheles mosquito blood meals by targeted high-throughput sequencing. PLoS Negl Trop Dis. 2016;10:e0004512.
Muturi EJ, Dunlap C, Tchouassi DP, Swanson J. Next generation sequencing approach for simultaneous identification of mosquitoes and their blood-meal hosts. J Vector Ecol. 2021;46:116–21.
Mburu MM, Zembere K, Mzilahowa T, Terlouw AD, Malenga T, van den Berg H, et al. Impact of cattle on the abundance of indoor and outdoor resting malaria vectors in southern Malawi. Malar J. 2021;20:353.
Zeru MA, Shibru S, Massebo F. Exploring the impact of cattle on human exposure to malaria mosquitoes in the Arba Minch area district of southwest Ethiopia. Parasit Vectors. 2020;13:322.
Fikrig K, Harrington LC. Understanding and interpreting mosquito blood feeding studies: the case of Aedes albopictus. Trends Parasitol. 2021;37:959–75.
Nkemngo FN, Raissa LW, Nguete DN, Ndo C, Fru-Cho J, Njiokou F, et al. Geographical emergence of sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine drug resistance-associated P. falciparum and P. malariae alleles in co-existing Anopheles mosquito and asymptomatic human populations across Cameroon. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2023;67:e0058823.
Altahir O, AbdElbagi H, Abubakr M, Siddig EE, Ahmed A, Mohamed NS. Blood meal profile and positivity rate with malaria parasites among different malaria vectors in Sudan. Malar J. 2022;21:124.
Add Comment