Scientific Papers

Exploring unconventional food plants used by local communities in a rural area of West Java, Indonesia: ethnobotanical assessment, use trends, and potential for improved nutrition | Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine


  • Nolan JM, Turner NJ. Ethnobotany: the study of people–plant relationships. In: Anderson EN, Pearsall D, Hunn E, Turner N, editors. Ethnobiology. London: Wiley-Blackwell; 2011.


    Google Scholar
     

  • Leal ML, Alves RP, Hanazaki N. Knowledge, use, and disuse of unconventional food plants. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. 2018;14:6.

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Yangdon P, Araki T, Rahayu YYS, Norbu K. Ethnobotanical study of wild edible fruits in eastern Bhutan. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. 2022;18:27.

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Rahayu YYS, Araki T, Rosleine D. Factors affecting the use of herbal medicines in the universal health coverage system in Indonesia. J Ethnopharmacol. 2020;260:e112974.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Khadka D, Paudel HR, Luo B, Ding M, Basnet N, Bhatta S, et al. Edible oil-producing plants in the Sinja Valley, Jumla, Nepal. Front Sustain Food Syst. 2023;7:1276988.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Fongnzossie EF, Fernande C, Nyangono B, Biwole AB, Nee P, Ebai B, et al. Wild edible plants and mushrooms of the Bamenda Highlands in Cameroon: ethnobotanical assessment and potentials for enhancing food security. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. 2020;16A:1–10.


    Google Scholar
     

  • Rapoport EH, Drausal BS. Edible plants. In: Levin SA, editor. Encyclopaedia of biodiversity. 2nd ed. New York: Academic Press; 2013. p. 127–32.

    Chapter 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Prescott-Allen R, Prescott-Allen C. How many plants feed the world? Conserv Biol. 1990;4:365–74.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Padulosi S, Thompson J, Rudebjer P. Fighting poverty, hunger and malnutrition with neglected and underutilized species (NUS): needs, challenges and the way forward. Rome: Bioversity International; 2013.


    Google Scholar
     

  • Hunter D, Borelli T, Beltrame DMO, Oliveira CNS, Coradin L, Wasike VW, et al. The potential of neglected and underutilized species for improving diets and nutrition. Planta. 2019;250:709–29.

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Kuhnlein HV. Food system sustainability for health and well-being of Indigenous Peoples. Public Health Nutr. 2015;18:2415–24.

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Popkin BM, Adair LS, Ng SW. Global nutrition transition and the pandemic of obesity in developing countries. Nutr Rev. 2012;70:3–21.

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Powell B, Thilsted SH, Ickowitz A, Termote C, Sunderland T, Herforth A. Improving diets with wild and cultivated biodiversity from across the landscape. Food Secur. 2015;7:535–54.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Flyman MV, Afolayan AJ. The suitability of wild vegetables for alleviating human dietary deficiencies. S Afr J Bot. 2006;72:492–7.

    Article 
    CAS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • FAO, IFAD, UNICEF, WFP, WHO. The state of food security and nutrition in the world 2020. Transforming food systems for affordable healthy diets Rome: FAO; 2020.

  • Sakai Y, Rahayu YYS, Araki T. Nutritional value of canteen menus and dietary habits and intakes of university students in Indonesia. Nutrients. 2022;14:1911.

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Khoury CK, Bjorkman AD, Dempewolf H, Ramirez-Villegas J, Guarino L, Jarvis A, et al. Increasing homogeneity in global food supplies and the implications for food security. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2014;111:4001–6.

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Pawera L, Khomsan A, Zuhud EAM, Hunter D, Ickowitz A, Polesny Z. Wild food plants and trends in their use: from knowledge and perceptions to drivers of change in West Sumatra, Indonesia. Foods. 2020;9:e1240.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • FAO, IFAD, UNICEF W and W. The State of Food Security and Nutrition in the World 2021. Transforming food systems for food security, improved nutrition and affordable healthy diets for all. FAO. Rome; 2021.

  • Bharucha Z, Pretty J. The roles and values of wild foods in agricultural systems. Philos Trans R Soc B Biol Sci. 2010;365:2913–26.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Ahmad K, Pieroni A. Folk knowledge of wild food plants among the tribal communities of Thakht-e-Sulaiman Hills, North-West Pakistan. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. 2016. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13002-016-0090-2.

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Ogle BM, Johansson M, Tuyet HT, Johannesson L. Evaluation of the significance of dietary folate from wild vegetables in Vietnam. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2001;10:216–21.

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Punchay K, Inta A, Tiansawat P, Balslev H, Wangpakapattanawong P. Nutrient and mineral compositions of wild leafy vegetables of the Karen and Lawa communities in Thailand. Foods. 2020;9:1–15.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Rahayu YYS, Araki T, Rosleine D, Purwaningtyas RM. General practitioners’ attitudes toward traditional Indonesian herbal medicine and integrative care in the Universal Health Coverage System. Glob J Health Sci. 2022;14:82.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Smith E, Ahmed S, Dupuis V, Running Crane M, Eggers M, Pierre M, et al. Contribution of wild foods to diet, food security, and cultural values amidst climate change. J Agric Food Syst Community Dev. 2019;9:1–24.


    Google Scholar
     

  • WFO. WFO Plant List. https://wfoplantlist.org/. Accessed 1 Feb 2023.

  • Sormin BH. Conserving biological diversity in managed tropical forests. In: Blockhus J, Dillenbeck M, Sayer J, Wegge P, editors. IUCN general assembly. Perth: IUCN; 1990.


    Google Scholar
     

  • Pratama MF, Dwiartama A, Rosleine D, Abdulharis R. Documentation of Underutilized Fruit Trees (UFTs) across indigenous communities in West Java, Indonesia. Biodiversitas. 2019;20:2603–11.


    Google Scholar
     

  • Walujo EB. Keanekaragaman hayati untuk pangan. Jakarta: LIPI; 2011.


    Google Scholar
     

  • Santosa E, Prawati U, Sobir Mine Y, Sugiyama N. Agronomy, utilization and economics of indigenous vegetables in West Java, Indonesia. J Hortik Indones. 2015;6:125.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Afrianto WF, Hasanah LN, Metananda AA. Diversity of edible plants traded in the East Jakarta traditional markets, Indonesia. Biodiversitas. 2023;24:6953–68.


    Google Scholar
     

  • Purwayantie S, Suryadi UE. Plant diversity and nutrient substances of native edible plant: case study in Suka Maju and Tamao Villages, Kapuas Hulu District, West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas. 2020;21:842–52.


    Google Scholar
     

  • Sujarwo W, Arinasa IBK, Caneva G, Guarrera PM. Traditional knowledge of wild and semi-wild edible plants used in Bali (Indonesia) to maintain biological and cultural diversity. Plant Biosyst Int J Deal All Asp Plant Biol. 2015;150:971–6.


    Google Scholar
     

  • Umartani LA. Ethnobotany of community food plants on the slopes of Merapi Merbabu, Central Java, Indonesia. Int Conf Sci Eng. 2021;4:56–63.


    Google Scholar
     

  • Suwardi AB, Samudra U, Navia ZI, Samudra U, Harmawan T, Samudra U, et al. Importance and local conservation of wild edible fruit plants in the East Aceh Region, Indonesia. J Conserv Sci. 2022;13:221–32.

    CAS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Suwardi AB, Syamsuardi S, Mukhtar E, Nurainas N. The diversity and traditional knowledge of wild edible fruits in Bengkulu, Indonesia. Ethnobot Res Appl. 2023;25:1–17.


    Google Scholar
     

  • Lee SM, Nichols JD, Lloyd D, Sagari S, Sagulu F, Siregar IZ, et al. The indigenous uses of plants from Siberut, Mentawai, Indonesia. Ethnobot Res Appl. 2021;22:1–33.


    Google Scholar
     

  • Hernawati D, Putra RR, Meylani V. Indigenous vegetables consumed as lalapan by Sundanese ethnic group in West Java, Indonesia: potential, traditions, local knowledge, and it’s future. S Afr J Bot. 2022;151:133–45.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Andarwulan N, Kurniasih D, Apriady RA, Rahmat H, Roto AV, Bolling BW. Polyphenols, carotenoids, and ascorbic acid in underutilized medicinal vegetables. J Funct Foods. 2012;4:339–47.

    Article 
    CAS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Roosita K, Kusharto CM, Sekiyama M, Fachrurozi Y, Ohtsuka R. Medicinal plants used by the villagers of a Sundanese community in West Java, Indonesia. J Ethnopharmacol. 2008;115:72–81.

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Zumsteg IS, Weckerle CS. Bakera, a herbal steam bath for postnatal care in Minahasa (Indonesia): documentation of the plants used and assessment of the method. J Ethnopharmacol. 2007;111:641–50.

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Dinkes Jabar. Profil Kesehatan Indonesia Jawa Barat tahun 2019. Bandung: Dinkes Jabar; 2019.

  • Kemenkes RI & BPS. Laporan Pelaksanaan Integrasi Susenas Maret 2019 dan SSGBI Tahun 2019. Jakarta: BPS; 2019.

  • Chauhan SH, Yadav S, Takahashi T, Łuczaj Ł, D’Cruz L, Okada K. Consumption patterns of wild edibles by the Vasavas: a case study from Gujarat, India. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. 2018;14:1–20.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Rinandio DS, Helmanto H, Zulkarnaen RN, Primananda E. Endemic plants of Java Island, Indonesia: a dataset. Biodivers Data J. 2022;10:e84303.

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Iskandar J, Iskandar BS. The Sundanese traditional ecological calendar and socio-cultural changes: case study from Rancakalong Java, Indonesia. In: Franco FM, Knudsen M, Hassan NH, editors. Case stud biocultural divers from Southeast Asia. Singapore: Springer; 2022. p. 79–104.

    Chapter 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Rohmatullayaly EN, Suryana, Irawan B, Iskandar J. Eksplorasi dan Sosialisasi Potensi Pangan Lokal Untuk Mendukung Kesehatan Masyarakat Di Desa Rancakalong, Kabupaten Sumedang. J Apl Ipteks untuk Masy. 2022;11:349–60.


    Google Scholar
     

  • Islamiati Y, Nisa NK, Anugrah R, Rosma T, Cahyanto T. Kajian Etnobotani Budaya Ngalaksa Di Kecamatan Rancakalong Kabupaten Sumedang. J Ilm Ilmu Dasar dan Lingkung Hidup. 2020;20:24–30.


    Google Scholar
     

  • Dinkes Sumedang. Profil Kesehatan Kabupaten Sumedang Tahun 2019. 2020.

  • BPS. Kecamatan Rancakalong Dalam Angka. 2023.

  • Silva HCH, Caraciolo RLF, Marangon LC, Ramos MA, Santos LL, Albuquerque UP. Evaluating different methods used in ethnobotanical and ecological studies to record plant biodiversity. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. 2014;10:1–11.

    Article 
    CAS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • PROSEA. Plant Resources of South-East Asia. https://prosea.prota4u.org/. Accessed 11 Mar 2023.

  • DAR. Digital Academic Repository of Naturalis Biodiversity Center. 2020; https://www.repository.naturalis.nl/. Accessed 4 Feb 2023.

  • BHL. Biodiversity Heritage Library. 2020; https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/. Accessed 24 Mar 2023.

  • eFlora. Flora of China. 2020; http://www.efloras. Accessed 15 Mar 2023.

  • Backer CA. Bakhuizen van den Brink Jr. RC. Flora of Java. Groningen: N.V.P. Noordhoff; 1963.


    Google Scholar
     

  • Backer CA. Bakhuizen van den Brink Jr. RC. Flora of Java. Groningen: N.V.P. Noordhoff; 1965.


    Google Scholar
     

  • Backer CA. Bakhuizen van den Brink Jr. RC. Flora of Java. Groningen: N.V.P. Noordhoff; 1968.


    Google Scholar
     

  • Dirjen Kemenkes. Tabel Komposisi Pangan Indonesia (Indonesian Food Composition Table). Jakarta: Kemenkes RI; 2018.

  • Menkes RI. Permenkes RI No. 28/2019. Jakarta: Kemenkes RI; 2019.

  • Pinela J, Carvalho AM, Ferreira ICFR. Wild edible plants: nutritional and toxicological characteristics, retrieval strategies and importance for today’s society. Food Chem Toxicol. 2017;110:165–88.

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • FAO and FHI 360. Minimum dietary diversity for women: a guide for measurement. Rome: FAO; 2016.


    Google Scholar
     

  • Tsunoda N, Inayama T, Hata K, Oka J. Vegetable dishes, dairy products and fruits are key items mediating adequate dietary intake for Japanese adults with spinal cord injury. Spinal Cord. 2015;53:786–90.

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Deaconu A, Mercille G, Batal M. Promoting traditional foods for human and environmental health: lessons from agroecology and Indigenous communities in Ecuador. BMC Nutr. 2021;7:1–14.

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Punchay K, Inta A, Tiansawat P, Balslev H, Wangpakapattanawong P. Traditional knowledge of wild food plants of Thai Karen and Lawa (Thailand). Genet Resour Crop Evol. 2020;67:1277–99.

    Article 
    CAS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Shin T, Fujikawa K, Moe AZ, Uchiyama H. Traditional knowledge of wild edible plants with special emphasis on medicinal uses in Southern Shan State, Myanmar. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. 2018;14:1–13.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Łuczaj Ł, Lamxay V, Tongchan K, Xayphakatsa K, Phimmakong K, Radavanh S, et al. Wild food plants and fungi sold in the markets of Luang Prabang, Lao PDR. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. 2021;17:1–27.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Ong HG, Kim Y. The role of wild edible plants in household food security among transitioning hunter-gatherers: evidence from the Philippines. Food Secur. 2017;9:11–24.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Ogle BM, Dung NNX, Do TT, Hambraeus L. The contribution of wild vegetables to micronutrient intakes among women: an example from the Mekong Delta, Vietnam. Ecol Food Nutr. 2001;40:159–84.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Hoe VB. The nutritional value of indigenous fruits and vegetables in Sarawak. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 1999;8:24–31.

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Aryal KP, Poudel S, Chaudhary RP, Chettri N, Chaudhary P, Ning W, et al. Diversity and use of wild and non-cultivated edible plants in the Western Himalaya. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. 2018;14:1–18.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Kunwar RM, Mahat L, Sharma LN, Shrestha KP, Kominee H, Bussmann RW. Underutilized plant species in Far West Nepal. J Mt Sci. 2012;9:589–600.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Ashagre M, Asfaw Z, Kelbessa E. Ethnobotanical study of wild edible plants in Burji District, Segan Area Zone of Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples Region (SNNPR), Ethiopia. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. 2016;12:1–15.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Teklehaymanot T, Giday M. Ethnobotanical study of wild edible plants of Kara and Kwego semi-pastoralist people in Lower Omo River Valley, Debub Omo Zone, SNNPR; 2010. p. 2–9.

  • Gallois S, Heger T, Henry AG, van Andel T. The importance of choosing appropriate methods for assessing wild food plant knowledge and use: a case study among the Baka in Cameroon. PLoS ONE. 2021;16:1–19.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Maryanto I. Ekologi Gunung Slamet. Noerdjito I, Mas M, Partomihardjo T, editors. Purwokerto: LIPI Press; 2016.

  • Asharo RK, Novitasari A, Azizah SDN, Saraswati RA, Setyaningsih F, Apriliani P, et al. Araceae floristic and potential study in Bogor Botanical Gardens, West Java, Indonesia. J Ris Biol Apl. 2022;4:9–18.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Balitbang TOOT. Riset khusus Eksplorasi Pengetahuan Lokal Etnomedicin dan Tumbuhan Obat Berbasis Komunitas Di Indonesia (Etnis Osing Jawa Timur). 2015.

  • Agesti RARA, Ariyanti NS, Chikmawati T, Purwanto Y. Ethnobotany of food plants used by Minangkabau Community in Lima Puluh Kota District, West Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas. 2023;24:2756–67.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Septiani N, Hernawati D, Putra RR. Biodiversity of potentially “lalapan” vegetables in Kampung Adat Naga, Tasikmalaya, Indonesia. Biosfer. 2020;13:201–2015.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Santhyami L, Agustina L, Agustina P. Exploring urban ethnobotany: a case study of medicinal plants traded in Gede Hardjonagoro Market, Surakarta, Indonesia. Trop J Nat Prod Res. 2024;8:6839–51.


    Google Scholar
     

  • Hidayat S, Wightman G. The Medicinal Value of “lalap” (Raw Vegetable) in Sundanese Society at Bogor, West Java, Indonesia. Beagle Rec. Museums Art Gall. North. Territ. Darwin, Northern Territory Museum of Arts and Sciences, 1983; 2001. p. 7–11.

  • Nurcahyo FD, Zen HM, Rahma HS, Triyanto A, Yasa A, Naim DM, et al. Ethnobotanical study of medicinal plants used by local communities in the Upper Bengawan Solo River, Central Java, Indonesia. Int J Bonorowo Wetl. 2024;14:25–36.


    Google Scholar
     

  • Fathurrahman F, Nursanto J, Madjid A, Ramadanil R. Ethnobotanical study of “Kaili Inde” tribe in Central Sulawesi Indonesia. Emir J Food Agric. 2016;28:337–47.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Gailea R, Ariffien Bratawinata A, Pitopang R, Kusuma I. The use of various plant types as medicines by local community in the enclave of the Lore-Lindu. Glob J Res Med Plants Indig Med. 2016;5:29–40.


    Google Scholar
     

  • Bhagawan WS, Kusumawati D. Ethnobotanical medicinal plant study of Tengger tribe in Ranu Pani Village, Indonesia. SSRN Electron J. 2021;

  • MoH RI. Permenkes No. 41/2014. 2014.

  • Borelli T, Güzelsoy NA, Hunter D, Tan A, Karabak S, Uçurum HÖ, et al. Assessment of the nutritional value of selected wild food plants in Türkiye and their promotion for improved nutrition. Sustainability. 2022;14:11015.

    Article 
    CAS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Mishra A, Swamy SL, Thakur TK, Bhat R, Bijalwan A, Kumar A. Use of wild edible plants: can they meet the dietary and nutritional needs of indigenous communities in Central India. Foods. 2021;10:e1453.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Gani SSA, Idris S, Shamsudin R, Nor Z, Mokhtar MN. Physicochemical composition of different parts of cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz) plant. Food Res. 2019;4:78–84.


    Google Scholar
     

  • Sarah I, Rosnah S, Mohd Noriznan M, Mohd Zuhair MN, Siti SA. Comparative proximate composition and cyanide contents of each parts of local cassava (Manihot esculenta Crantz). Konvensyen Kebangs Kejuruter Pertan Dan Makanan. 2019;2019:118–22.


    Google Scholar
     

  • Zapata-Campos CC, García-Martínez JE, Salinas-Chavira J, Ascacio-Valdés JA, Medina-Morales MA, Mellado M. Chemical composition and nutritional value of leaves and pods of Leucaena leucocephala, Prosopis laevigata and Acacia farnesiana in a xerophilous shrubland. Emir J Food Agric. 2020;32:723–30.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Hernández-Santos B, Quijano-Jerónimo O, Rodríguez-Miranda J. Physical, chemical, tecno-functional, and thermal properties of Leucaena leucocephala seed. Food Sci Technol. 2022;42:1–9.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Sethi P, Kulkarni PR. Leucaena leucocephala a nutrition profile. Food Nutr Bull. 1995;16:1–16.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Nduche MU, Edeoga HO, Omosun G, Nwankwo D. Evaluation of the chemical composition of five Nigerian medicinal plants. IOSR J Pharm Biol Sci. 2015;10:27–31.


    Google Scholar
     

  • Lim TK. Moringa oleifera. Edible medicinal and non-medicinal plants. Dordorecht: Springer; 2012.

    Book 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Jadid N, Arraniry B, Hidayati D, Purwani K, Wikanta W, Hartanti S, et al. Proximate composition, nutritional values and phytochemical screening of Piper retrofractum vahl. fruits. Asian Pac J Trop Biomed. 2018;7:37–43.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Ljubicic M, Saric MM, Rumbak I, Baric IC, Komes D, Satalic Z, et al. Knowledge about dietary fibre and its health benefits: a cross-sectional survey of 2536 residents from across Croatia. Med Hypotheses. 2017;105:25–31.

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Wongsariya K, Kanchanadumkerng P. Proximate composition of the edible part of purple passion fruit and santol and in vitro prebiotic activity of crude polysaccharide extracts. Food Res. 2021;5:406–12.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Semwal P, Painuli S, Jamloki A, Rauf A, Rahman MM, Olatunde A, et al. Himalayan wild fruits as a strong source of nutraceuticals, therapeutics, food and nutrition security. Food Rev Int. 2022;39:6500–36.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Barthakur NN, Arnold NP. Chemical analysis of the emblic (Phyllanthus emblica L.) and its potential as a food source. Sci Hortic (Amsterdam). 1991;47:99–105.

    Article 
    CAS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Jaiboon V, Boonyanupahap J, Suwansri S, Ratanatraiwong P, Hansawasdi C. Alpha amylase inhibition and roasting time of local vegetables and herbs prepared for diabetes risk reduction chili paste. Asian J Food Agro-Ind. 2010;3:1–12.


    Google Scholar
     

  • Xu Y, Liang D, Wang GT, Wen J, Wang RJ. Nutritional and functional properties of wild food-medicine plants from the coastal region of South China. J Evid Based Integr Med. 2020;25:1–13.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Arawande JO, Komolafe EA, Imokhuede B. Nutritional and phytochemical compositions of fireweed (Crassocephalum crepidioides). J Agric Technol. 2013;9:439–49.


    Google Scholar
     

  • Sun H, Mu T, Xi L, Zhang M, Chen J. Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas L.) leaves as nutritional and functional foods. Food Chem. 2014;156:380–9.

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Filho DPXG, Barreira TF, Pinheiro-Sant’Ana HM. Chemical composition and nutritional value of three sonchus species. Int J Food Sci. 2022;2022:1–9.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Saha S, Saha S, Mandal SK, Rahaman CH. Unconventional but valuable phytoresources: exploring the nutritional benefits of 18 wild edible Asteraceae from West Bengal, India. Genet Resour Crop Evol. 2023;70:2161–92.

    Article 
    CAS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Nadeeshani H, Samarasinghe G, Wimalasiri S, Silva R, Hunter D, Madhujith T. Comparative analysis of the nutritional profiles of selected Solanum species grown in Sri Lanka. J Food Compos Anal. 2021;99:e103847.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Lim TK. Solanum torvum. Edible medicinal and non-medicinal plants. 2013. p. 429–40.

  • Ajayi OA, Olumide MD, Tayo GO, Akintunde AO. Evaluation of chemical and elemental constituents of Centella asiatica leaf meal. Afr J Agric Res. 2020;16:661–6.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Institute for Medical Research. Malaysian Food Composition Databased (MyFCD). MyFCD Program. https://myfcd.moh.gov.my/index.html. Accessed 22 June 2024.

  • Ismail MA, Ng X, Yee CF. Nutritional profile and antioxidative properties of selected tropical wild vegetables. Int Food Res J. 2012;19:1487–96.


    Google Scholar
     

  • Adjatin A, Dansi A, Badoussi E, Sanoussi A, Dansi M, Azokpota P, et al. Proximate, mineral and vitamin C composition of vegetable Gbolo [Crassocephalum rubens (Juss. ex Jacq.) S. Moore and C. crepidioides (Benth.) S. Moore] in Benin. Int J Biol Chem Sci. 2013;7:319.

    Article 
    CAS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Petrus AJA. Sauropus androgynus (L.) Merrill-A potentially nutritive functional leafy-vegetable. Asian J Chem. 2013;25:9425–33.

    Article 
    CAS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Zhang B, Cheng J, Zhang C, Bai Y, Liu W, Li W, et al. Sauropus androgynus L. Merr.-A phytochemical, pharmacological and toxicological review. J Ethnopharmacol. 2020;257:e112778.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Kongkachuichai R, Charoensiri R, Yakoh K, Kringkasemsee A. Nutrients value and antioxidant content of indigenous vegetables from Southern Thailand. Food Chem. 2015;173:838–46.

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Narzary H, Swargiary A, Basumatary S. Proximate and vitamin C analysis of wild edible plants consumed by Bodos of Assam, India. J Mol Pathophysiol. 2015;4:128–33.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Quintaes KD, Diez-Garcia RW. The importance of minerals in the human diet. In: de la Guardia M, Garrigues S, editors. Handbook of mineral elements in food. Oxford: Wiley; 2015. p. 1–21.


    Google Scholar
     

  • MoH. Hasil Utama Riskesdas 2018 (Basic Health Survey 2018). Jakarta; 2018.

  • Lim TK. Canna indica. Edible medicinal and non-medicinal plants. Dordorecht: Springer; 2016. p. 69–81.

    Book 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Konsam SC, Devi KT, Salam JS, Singh PK. Biochemical constituents and nutritive evaluation of some less known wild edible plants from Senapati district, Manipur, India. Not Sci Biol. 2016;8:370–2.

    Article 
    CAS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Ogle BM, Grivetti LE. Legacy of the chameleon: edible wild plants in the kingdom of Swaziland, Southern Africa. A cultural, ecological, nutritional study. Part IV-nutritional analysis and conclusions. Ecol Food Nutr. 1985;17:41–64.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Oduntan AO, Fasoyiro SB, Akinfasoye JA, Adeboyejo FO, Akintoye HA. Antioxidant and proximate properties of underutilized vegetables in western Nigeria. Acta Hortic. 2018;1225:255–60.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Morshed MM, Rana MS, Emran TB, Sohel MD, Kawsar MH. Nutritional analysis and mineral content determination of Emilia sonchifolia DC. Bangladesh Pharm J. 2021;24:54–60.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Singh S, Singh DR, Salim KM, Srivastava A, Singh LB. Estimation of proximate composition, micronutrients and phytochemical compounds in traditional vegetables from Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Int J Food Sci Nutr. 2011;62:765–73.

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Devi OS, Komor P. Edible bioresources & livelihoods. Guwahati: Assam State Biodiversity Board; 2016.


    Google Scholar
     

  • Neda GD, Rabeta MS, Ong MT. Chemical composition and anti-proliferative properties of flowers of Clitoria ternatea. Int Food Res J. 2013;20:1229–34.

    CAS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Muliasari H, Ananto AD, Ihsan M. Analisis kandungan nutrisi buah rengga (Amomum dealbatum Roxb). Agrotek. 2019;6:71–6.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Sehwag S, Das M. Nutritive, therapeutic and processing aspects of Jamun, Syzygium cuminii (L.) Skeels-An overview. Indian J Nat Prod Resour. 2014;5:295–307.


    Google Scholar
     

  • Aqilah N, Zaini M, Anwar F, Abdul A, Saari N. Kundur [Benincasa hispida (Thunb.) Cogn.]: a potential source for valuable nutrients and functional foods. Food Res Int. 2011;44:2368–76.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Lim TK. Benincasa hispida cv-gr. fuzzy gourd. Edible medicinal and non-medicinal plants. Dordorecht: Springer; 2012. p. 1–1088.

    Book 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Islary A, Sarmah J, Basumatary S. Nutritional value, phytochemicals and antioxidant properties of two wild edible fruits (Eugenia operculata Roxb. and Antidesma bunius L.) from Assam, North-East India. Med J Nutr Metab. 2017;10:29–40.


    Google Scholar
     

  • Lim TK. Antidesma bunius. Edible medicinal and non-medicinal plants. Dordorecht: Springer; 2012. p. 220–4.

    Book 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Berry-Ottaway P. Stability of vitamins during food processing and storage. In: Skibsted LH, Risbo J, Andersen ML, editors. Chemical deterioration and physical instability of food and beverages. Cambridge: Woodhead Publishing Limited; 2010. p. 539–60.

    Chapter 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Listiana E, Rosmala Mustapa, Kohongia A, Parisa S, Nusi DP. The effect of processing on the degradation of vitamin C in cassava leaf vegetables (in Indonesian). Pros Semin Nas Mini Ris Mhs. 2022. p. 31–5.

  • Grivetti LE, Ogle BM. Value of traditional foods in meeting macro- and micronutrient needs: the wild plant connection. Nutr Res Rev. 2000;13:31–46.

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Amrinanto AH, Hardinsyah PE. The eating culture of the Sundanese: does the traditional salad (Lalapan) improve vegetable intake and blood β-carotene concentration? Future Food J Food Agric Soc. 2019. https://doi.org/10.17170/kobra-20190709593.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Borelli T, Hunter D, Powell B, Ulian T, Mattana E, Termote C, et al. Born to eat wild: an integrated conservation approach to secure wild food plants for food security and nutrition. Plants. 2020;9:1299.

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Boedecker J, Termote C, Assogbadjo AE, Van Damme P, Lachat C. Dietary contribution of wild edible plants to women’s diets in the buffer zone around the Lama forest, Benin: an underutilized potential. Food Secur. 2014;6:833–49.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Cruz MP, Peroni N, Albuquerque UP. Knowledge, use and management of native wild edible plants from a seasonal dry forest (NE, Brazil). J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. 2013;9:1–10.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Reyes-garcía V, Vadez V, Leonard W, Wilkie D. Knowledge and consumption of wild plants: a comparative study in two Tsimane’ villages in the Bolivian Amazon. Ethnobot Res Appl. 2005;3:201–7.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Harris M. Good to eat: riddles of food and culture. New York: Simon and Schuster; 1985.


    Google Scholar
     

  • De Albuquerque UP. Re-examining hypotheses concerning the use and knowledge of medicinal plants : a study in the Caatinga vegetation of NE Brazil. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. 2006. https://doi.org/10.1186/1746-4269-2-30.

    Article 
    PubMed 
    PubMed Central 

    Google Scholar
     

  • McBurney RPH, Griffin C, Paul AA, Greenberg DC. The nutritional composition of African wild food plants: from compilation to utilization. J Food Compos Anal. 2004;17:277–89.

    Article 
    CAS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Schunko C, Grasser S, Vogl CR. Explaining the resurgent popularity of the wild: motivations for wild plant gathering in the biosphere reserve Grosses Walsertal. Austria J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. 2015;11:e55.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Kuhnlein HV, Erasmus B, Spigelski D. Indigenous peoples’ food systems: the many dimensions of culture, diversity and environment for nutrition and health. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization; 2009.


    Google Scholar
     

  • Bvenura C, Afolayan AJ. The role of wild vegetables in household food security in South Africa: a review. Food Res Int. 2015;76:1001–11.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Guzo S, Lulekal E, Nemomissa S. Ethnobotanical study of underutilized wild edible plants and threats to their long-term existence in Midakegn District, West Shewa Zone, Central Ethiopia. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. 2023;19:1–19.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Tebkew M, Asfaw Z, Zewudie S. Underutilized wild edible plants in the Chilga District, northwestern Ethiopia: focus on wild woody plants. Agric Food Secur. 2014;3:1–16.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Rahayu YYS, Araki T, Rosleine D. Predictors of the use of traditional medicines in the universal health coverage system in Indonesia. Glob J Health Sci. 2021;13:24–35.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Reid CA, Green JD, Buchmaier S, McSween DK, Wildschut T, Sedikides C. Food-evoked nostalgia. Cogn Emot. 2023;37:34–48.

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Thakur D, Sharma A, Uniyal SK. Why they eat, what they eat: patterns of wild edible plants consumption in a tribal area of western Himalaya. J Ethnobiol Ethnomed. 2017;13:1–12.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Somnasang P, Moreno-Black G. Knowing, gathering and eating: knowledge and attribute about wild food in an Asian village in North-eastern Thailand. J Ethnobiol. 2000;20:197–216.


    Google Scholar
     

  • Sõukand R. Perceived reasons for changes in the use of wild food plants in Saaremaa, Estonia. Appetite. 2016;107:231–41.

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Bapanas. Peraturan Badan Pangan Nasional RI No. 11/2023. Bapanas; 2022.

  • MoH RI. Isi piringku. Kementeri. Kesehat. RI Direktorat Jenderal Kesehat. Masy. 2022; p. 1. https://kesmas.kemkes.go.id/konten/133/0/062511-isi-piringku. Accessed 10 Aug 2023.

  • FairWild Foundation. FairWild guidance manual for establishing species and area management plans for low risk plant species. FairWild Resour. Assess. Weinfelden: FairWild Foundation; 2014.

  • Purnomo D, Sitepu GL, Nugraha YR, Permana Rosiyan MB. Social metabolism in Buruan SAE: individual rift perspective on urban farming model for food independence in Bandung, Indonesia. Sustainability. 2023;15:e10273.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Pradityo T, Santoso N, Zuhud EA. Etnobotany in Dayak Iban’s Tembawang Sungai Mawang Villagge, West Kalimantan. Media Konserv. 2016;21:183–98.


    Google Scholar
     

  • Cita KD. Ethnobotany of food plant used by Sundanese Ethnic in Nyangkewok Hamlet, Kalaparea Village, Sukabumi District, Indonesia. Asian J Ethnobiol. 2020. https://doi.org/10.13057/asianjethnobiol/y030103.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Dewi AP, Peniwidiyanti P, Hariri MR, Hutabarat PWK, Martiansyah I, Lailaty IQ, et al. Ethnobotany of food, medicinal, construction and household utilities producing plants in Cikaniki, Gunung Halimun Salak National Park, Indonesia. J Mt Sci. 2023;20:163–81.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Hernawati D, Putra RR. Tumbuhan Lalapan Masyarakat Sunda. 2022.

  • Suwardi AB, Navia ZI, Harmawan T, Syamsuardi, Mukhtar E. Ethnobotany and conservation of indigenous edible fruit plants in south Aceh, Indonesia. Biodiversitas. 2020;21:1850–60.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Navia ZI, Suwardi AB, Harmawan T, Syamsuardi, Mukhtar E. The diversity and contribution of indigenous edible fruit plants to the rural community in the Gayo highlands, Indonesia. J Agric Rural Dev Trop Subtrop. 2020;121:89–98.


    Google Scholar
     

  • Adnan A, Navia ZI, Jamil M, Suwardi AB. The diversity and traditional knowledge of wild edible vegetables in Aceh, Indonesia. Ethnobot Res Appl. 2023. https://doi.org/10.32859/era.26.49.1-16.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Suwardi AB, Navia ZI, Harmawan T, Mukhtar E. The diversity of wild edible fruit plants and traditional knowledge in West Aceh region, Indonesia. Artic J Med Plants Stud. 2019;285:285–90.


    Google Scholar
     

  • Rahayu M, Kazuhiro H. The role of plants on the traditional life of local society in Gunung Halimun National Park. West Java Ber Biol. 2004;7:17–23.


    Google Scholar
     

  • Sujarwo W, Caneva G. Using quantitative indices to evaluate the cultural importance of food and nutraceutical plants: comparative data from the Island of Bali (Indonesia). J Cult Herit. 2016;18:342–8.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Syafni N, Bakhtiar A. Studi Etnobotani Penggunaan Tumbuhan Paku sebagai Obat Tradisional di Siberut Tengah, Kepulauan Mentawai. J Biol Univ Andalas. 2021;10:10–4.


    Google Scholar
     

  • Rahayu M, Rustiami H. Etnobotani masyarakat samawa pulau sumbawa. Scr Biol. 2017;4:235–45.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Afrianto WF, Tamnge F, Hasanah LN. Review: a relation between ethnobotany and bioprospecting of edible flower Butterfly Pea (Clitoria ternatea) in Indonesia. Asian J Ethnobiol. 2020;3:51–61.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Umartani LA, Nahdi MS. Ethnobotanical study of edible plant communities on the slopes of Mount Merapi and Merbabu, Indonesia. Biol Med Nat Prod Chem. 2021;10:33–9.


    Google Scholar
     

  • Haryanti ES, Diba F. Etnobotani tumbuhan berguna oleh masyarakat sekitar kawasan KPH model Kapuas Hulu. J Hutan Lestari. 2015;3:434–45.


    Google Scholar
     

  • Sujarwo W, Keim AP, Savo V, Guarrera PM, Caneva G. Ethnobotanical study of Loloh: traditional herbal drinks from Bali (Indonesia). J Ethnopharmacol. 2015;169:34–48.

    Article 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Syamsuardi, Mukhtar E, Nurainas, Suwardi AB. Diversity and use of wild edible fruits in the Bukit Rimbang-Bukit Baling Wildlife Reserve, Kampar, Riau, Indonesia. Biodiversitas. 2022;23:5035–42.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Suwardi AB, Navia ZI, Harmawan T, Seprianto, Syamsuardi, Mukhtar E. Diversity of wild edible fruit plant species and their threatened status in the Aceh Province, Indonesia. Biodiversitas. 2022;23:1310–8.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Maimunah M, Hayati A, Zayadi H. Studi etnobotani tumbuhan legendaris Pulau Bawean Jawa Timur. Filogeni J Mhs Biol. 2021;1:47–56.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Lim TK. Mangifera foetida. Edible medicinal and non-medicinal plants. Dordorecht: Springer; 2012. p. 82–6.

    Book 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Nugraha T, Mulkiya K, Kodir RA. Antioxidant activity test on different fraction and determination of flavonoid level from Jalantir leaves (Erigeron sumatrensis Retz.) from West Java Indonesia (In Indonesian). Pros Farm. 2016. p. 755–62.

  • Babarinde GO, Abioye VF, Omobitan O, Raji K. Comparative study of proximate, chemical and physicochemical properties of less explored tropical leafy vegetables. J Northeast Agric Univ (English Ed). 2018;25:16–23.

    CAS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Lim TK. Lagenaria siceraria. Edible medicinal and non-medicinal plants. Dordorecht: Springer; 2012. p. 298–313.

    Book 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Ho L, Bhat R. Exploring the potential nutraceutical values of durian (Durio zibethinus L.): an exotic tropical fruit. Food Chem. 2015;168:80–9.

    Article 
    CAS 
    PubMed 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Aziz NAA, Jalil AMM. Bioactive compounds, nutritional value, and potential health benefits of indigenous durian (Durio zibethinus Murr.): a review. Foods. 2019;8:e96.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Brown MJ. Durio: a bibliographic review. New Delhi: IPGRI; 1997.


    Google Scholar
     

  • Nayak J, Chand BU. Analysis of some nutritional properties in eight wild edible fruits of Odisha, India. Int J Curr Sci. 2015;14:55–62.


    Google Scholar
     

  • Zannah F, Kamaliah, Pramudiyanti, Ayatusaadah, Hidayati N. Exploration of the potential of local plants of Melastoma malabatchricum fruit for food fortification. J Trop Life Sci. 2022;12:333–8.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Turi CE, Liu Y, Ragone D, Murch SJ. Breadfruit (Artocarpus altilis and hybrids): a traditional crop with the potential to prevent hunger and mitigate diabetes in Oceania. Trends Food Sci Technol. 2015;45:264–72.

    Article 
    CAS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Pereira GA, Ferreira Tomé PH, Arruda HS, Fragiorge EJ, Ribeiro PR. Caracterização físico-química e atividade antioxidante do fruto calabura (Muntingia calabura L.). Braz J Food Res. 2016;7:67–79.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Mastuki SN, Ismail SMMFN, Saad N. Muntingia calabura: chemical composition, bioactive component and traditional uses. In: Mariod AA, editor. Wild fruits: composition, nutritional value and products. Ghibaish: Springer; 2019.


    Google Scholar
     

  • Lim TK. Muntingia calabura. Edible medicinal and non-medicinal plants. Dordorecht: Springer; 2012. p. 486–92.


    Google Scholar
     

  • Yan SW, Ramasamy R, Banu N, Alitheen M, Yan SW, Ramasamy R, et al. A comparative assessment of nutritional composition, total phenolic, total flavonoid, antioxidant capacity, and antioxidant vitamins of two types of Malaysian underutilized fruits (Averrhoa bilimbi and Averrhoa carambola). Int J Food Prop. 2013;16:1231–44.

    Article 
    CAS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Kumar KA, Gousia S, Anupama M, Latha JNL. A review on phytochemical constituents and biological assays of Averrhoa bilimbi. Int J Pharm Pharm Sci Res. 2013;3:136–9.


    Google Scholar
     

  • Ferreira JN, Pinheiro-Sant’Ana HM, Lucia CMD, Teixeira RDBL, Cardoso LM. Chemical composition, vitamins, and minerals of family farming biribiri (Averrhoa bilimbi L.) in the Middle Doce River region, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Food Technol. 2022;52:1–9.


    Google Scholar
     

  • Lim TK. Averrhoa bilimbi. Edible medicinal and non-medicinal plants. Dordrecht: Springer; 2011. p. 448–53.


    Google Scholar
     

  • Lim TK. Phyllanthus acidus. Edible medicinal and non-medicinal plants. Dordrecht: Springer; 2012. p. 252–7.

    Book 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Leterme P, Buldgen A, Estrada F, Londoño AM. Mineral content of tropical fruits and unconventional foods of the Andes and the rain forest of Colombia. Food Chem. 2006;95:644–52.

    Article 
    CAS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Brooks R, Goldson-barnaby A, Bailey D. Nutritional and medicinal properties of phyllanthus. Int J Fruit Sci. 2020;20:1706–10.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Iwansyah AC, Surahman DN, Hidayat DD, Luthfiyanti R, Indriati A, Ardiansyah CE. Comparative evaluation of proximate composition and vitamin C of Physalis angulata Linn and Physalis peruviana Linn in West Java, Indonesia. IOP Conf Ser Earth Environ Sci. 2020;462:e012012.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Azeez SO, Faluyi JO. Proximate analysis, Vitamin C, anti-nutrients and mineral composition of four Nigerian species of Physalis and Solanum nigrum. Acta Hortic. 2019;1238:81–91.

    Article 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Aliero AA, Usman H. Leaves of ground cherry (Physalis angulata L.) may be suitable in alleviating micronutrient deficiency. Food Sci Technol. 2016;4:89–94.

    Article 
    CAS 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Lim TK. Physalis angulate. Edible medicinal and non-medicinal plants. Dordorecht: Springer; 2013. p. 283–99.

    Book 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Lim TK. Etlingera elatior. Edible medicinal and non-medicinal plants. Dordorecht: Springer; 2014. p. 834–43.

    Book 

    Google Scholar
     

  • Jeevani Osadee Wijekoon MM, Karimand AA, Bhat R. Evaluation of nutritional quality of torch ginger (Etlingera elatior Jack.) inflorescence. Int Food Res J. 2011;18:1415–20.


    Google Scholar
     



  • Source link